Housing is a fundamental human right and an essential condition for a stable life. However, due to economic inequality and disparities in housing environments, many people struggle to secure adequate living spaces. As a result, housing allowance has become a crucial policy tool for safeguarding housing rights. This study examines the practical role of housing allowance in our society and its contribution to protecting housing rights. It focuses on redefining the status of Korea’s housing allowance by comparing it with international systems, aiming to explore more effective and equitable policy directions. Furthermore, the report goes beyond merely diagnosing the current system. It proposes development strategies and improvement measures for Korea’s housing allowance by analyzing policies in OECD countries and drawing policy implications from case studies in Germany, Finland, and the United States.